The Communication Within The Military - Free Essay Example

The American Civil War was the war fought between the Union (North) and the Confederacy (South) within the United States. The war erupted after years worth of conflicts between the two sides. Eventually, the Union was able to take the victory home, which ultimately united both sides. If the South would have taken the victory, it would have been two distinct sides. The victory of the Civil War has been accredited to the skill of the commanders, the fighting qualities of troops, and resources in men and material, when in truth, it was all thanks to much more than that, such as the militarys intelligence and communication networks. The use of communication in the military was essential for the victory of the Civil War. Although many people may believe that the Union won due to the North having larger and many more companies and factories, larger cities, and a better economy than the South, nevertheless the Union attained the victory due to their communication networks within the military because they gained insight into the other sides locations and etc., looked at tactics they were using and were able to advance. The use of communication in the military was essential to the victory of the war for the North. Whether if it was through the form of letters, spies, an etc. Due to the fact that the main source of communication during the civil war was through letters, people had to advance so that others for whom the letters werent intended for, wouldnt be able to identify the content of what was being said. Many of the times, letters were intercepted, and the information was leaked, which affected either the Union or the Confederacy. Letters evolved over time, using ciphers to uncover the true motive of the letter. Military communication was a prominent aspect to the victory of the Civil War. If the military had no type of communication, they wouldnt have been able to gain insight, know when they were overpowered, and other information that was essentially a necessity. Communication between the military and others was a necessity because they needed to know information, because they could not just go in blindly, they needed to know that they were doing the correct thing. For instance, the Battle at Gettysburg, was not a mere collision of the two armies, the Confederates were going in blindly, but not the Union. The Union had marched 150 miles knowing that they would be there, because of the soldier-spies, that had reported back to them. The Union had spies that communicated back to them, fourteen locally organized groups of spies, had granted the Union the information necessary for the victory at the Battle of Gettysburg. According to the primary source, Sherman, William Tecumseh (1820-1891) to Colonel Robert Crooke Wood, the historical context is that it describes the armies preparedness, during the time of the Battle at Vicksburg. Furthermore, the importance of this document is that it demonstrates how with the communication they held between each other, they were able to continue the war because they had knowledge of what was occurring and if they were ready at the moment. The intended audience is Colonel Robert Crooke Wood and the purpose is to inform the Colonel of his army being well supplied with surgeons, medicines, medical supplies and hospital accommodations. It is a piece of letter that informs about the soldiers battling at the Vicksburg and how he was worried because many of the population had been wounded. The perspective is from William Tecumseh Sherman, who commands an army, and this is important because it is a form of communication, in which was effective because they informed each other whether they were prepared to go to battle. This piece of evidence demonstrates how a method of communication within the military was through letters, which was very so effective because they were able to commu nicate important information such as being prepared to continue going into war. Based on the primary source, Knox, William (1756-1795) Knoxs army diary (incomplete), the historical context is that it is on information about military tactics around the Battle of Germantown. It mentions movements of the army and important events that had occurred. Additionally, the importance of this document is that it represents how the army was doing in terms of ground they covered, materials they were in need of, things they had encountered that was information that could benefit them. The intended audience is that due to it being a diary, it was either for himself or for future references, if anything ever happened to him, or if he had to make reports to someone higher in power or status. The purpose was to record the movements of the army around Philadelphia in September and October 1777. The perspective was from William Knox who was a military officer of the Continental Army and later the U.S. Army, who also served as the 1st United States Secretary of War from 1789 to 1794. It is important because it records important information that was helpful for others in the military, like when it states on September 19, Intelligence recd. of the enemys pushing for Philadelphia the army crossd the Schylkill. According to a primary source, Knox, Henry (1750-1806) to Nicholas Eveleigh, it is another primitive example of how military communication helped the Union be at a stage of benefit. The historical context is that is notes important events that relate to that of war. For instance, it mentions how ships loaded with arms had arrived from France and that Lord Cornwallis nearly captured General Benjamin Lincoln. Moreover, the context is that it informs the intended audience of prominent information such as the shipment of materials that were needed for the continuation of the war. The intended audience was Nicholas Eveleigh, who was an American planter and political leader who was a delegate to the Continental Congress for South Carolina in 1781 and 1782. The purpose is to inform of important details regarding the war and possible information that would help in the future of the war. The perspective is from Henry Knox, the secretary of War and it is important because it lists reports that were prominent to the continuation of the war, such as war materials arriving. If they hadnt received insight on the arrival of the materials, they wouldnt have known, when to continue and when to go pick up the latest arrival. Military communication was also used to let others know of plans that had went through, whether they were struggling or etc. According to a primary source named, Schuyler, Philip John (1733-1804) to James Duane, it demonstrates how the military communicated hardships or celebrations. In addition, the source is a piece of evidence that altered the war because many of those fighting the war, communicated about their losses and victories, in order to tell them details about how the other side was doing and the locations of where they were last at.The historical context is that it goes into great detail of the battle fought in New York, where they had to take the defeat due to them being overwhelmed. It states, abandon the fortress on York Island because the enemys strength was overwhelming. The intended audience is James Duane, a political leader throughout the war. The purpose is to inform the and give a response to James in terms of military actions that were taken and should be take n. It also informs of insight in terms of counties wanting to break away from New York and etc. The perspective is from Philip John Schuyler, a general in the American Revolution, and a United States senator from New York. This is important because it is a letter with intelligence that would benefit the Union, if they had received such important information. According to a primary source, Knox, Henry (1750-1806) to Lucy Knox, it demonstrates how even within family, military information was passed. The historical context is that it reports little activities since the retreat in the Battle of Long Island. It discusses military activities and the effects of such movements. The intended audience is Lucy Knox, the wife of Henry Know, I believe. The purpose is to inform her of important information such as military movements and life. Albeit, the information may seem to broad, in terms of its relation to the topic, the context of the letter was prominent because anyone who might intercept the letter would just see that there is communication between family, therefore, they would not care much of what the information could have potentially said. The perspective is from Henry Knox, a military officer of the Continental Army and later the United States Army, who also served as the 1st United States Secretary of War. It is important because they o ftentimes speculated of military activities that would occur later on, due to the information they had received. They informed one another of details regarding the military and etc. Military communication was more like military intelligence because it helped the military advance and know certain information, such as locations, names of certain people, the events of the current situation and more. According to a secondary source, Military Intelligence During Americas Civil War,it mentioned how a major part of intelligence used during the Civil War was through the following source: spies, scouts, cavalry reconnaissance, captured documents, mail, newspapers, interrogation of enemy prisoners, deserters, refugees, contrabands (fugitive slaves) ordinary civilians, balloonists and signal corps stations of observation. According to a secondary source, Lincoln in the Telegraph Office: Recollections of the United States Military Telegraph Corps during the Civil War, it mentions how essential communication in the military actually was. It discusses how the electric telegraph maintained speedy communication between Washington and armies in distant fields. By the ending of the war, the Union had strung over fifteen hundred miles of military telegraph line, whereas the Confederacy had only about a thousand. It was estimated that 6,500,00 Union messages passed over the wires during the war at a cost of about 40 cents per message. Ciphers were also very commonly used. The service arbitrarily assigned significance to certain words, or arranged words in a false position, throwing in meaningless words to confuse certain readers. According to a secondary source, The secret War for the Union: The Untold Story of Military Intelligence in the Civil War, it mentions how the success was due to the militarys communi cation. It states, for example, the standard depiction of the Battle of Gettysburg as the accidental collision of two armies marching half blindly is found to be true only for the Confederates. Their 150-mile march from the Rappahannock River to Pennsylvania was penetrated by soldier-spies whose findings enabled the pursuing Federals to cross the Potomac simultaneously with the main body of the invaders, and unbeknown to them. The Confederates assumed dangerously dispersed positions across South-Central Pennsylvania, their movements reported by fourteen locally organized groups of citizen-spies and scouts. In conclusion, the communication within the military was essential to the victory of the Union. Without the military communication, the Union would have been unable to win against the Confederates. Although many historians may believe that the Union was able to take the victory to the South due to its tactics or a better sustained economy, nevertheless, the Union was able to become victorious due to the communication networks in the military because they were able to gain insight, they were able to learn certain tactics from the other team, being able to know the location from the other side and etc. Communication network was an aspect of the Civil War that was essentially the victory of the war, due to the reaps of benefits, such as the importance of information.

Sample College Term Paper

A sample college term paper is an example of academic work that discusses a certain topic, arguments for or against which are supported by reliable references. Thus, an introduction of such essay must be short but coherent and end with a clear thesis. The main arguments regarding the chosen topic need to be written in the body of the paper, with each paragraph dwelling upon a new idea. The conclusion, in turn, has to briefly summarize the essay and contain no new information that, basically, implies paraphrasing the introduction or extending the thesis of the sample college term paper. It is important to remember that before being handed in to the professor, the work must be proofread. Is Taking a Gap Year Before College a Good Idea? Taking a gap year before entering a college has become quite popular among youngsters, although some parents are still hesitant about the benefits of doing it. However, having considered both perspectives of skipping a year in order to dedicate it to finding oneself and deciding on his or her actual areas of interest, there are several advantages that prevail. Therefore, it is possible to state that taking a gap year before college or university is certainly a good idea. Firstly, after graduating from high school, people tend to find themselves confused regarding what realm they want to study and, hence, work in for next several decades. Therefore, a year of exploring new activities and maybe even trying different jobs is likely to help one realize which area is suitable for the person and which is rather not their cup of tea. Thus, a gap year is a great opportunity for an adolescent to find the future major to apply for. Secondly, skipping a year before pursuing a higher education is an opportunity to broaden his or her mind and work on self-development regarding either the person’s personality, hobbies, or any other area. In particular, one may spend the year traveling, exploring new cultures, and meeting new people, which is definitely a priceless experience, or, as already mentioned, work in different industries. Both of these choices will appear beneficial later in life, including during college, as he or she will become more intelligent and, not to mention, a more interesting interlocutor. Therefore, taking a gap year is an opportunity to grow and improve as an individual. Lastly, a year of being free from college duties is a chance to prepare for the next several years of studying and catch up on everything that was missed or neglected during high school. In particular, a person can learn any subject at his or her pace and refine the desired skills, which was impossible to do before due to the lack of time. In order to conclude, taking a gap year before entering a college is a good idea for an adolescent for a number of reasons. Overall, this opportunity significantly contributes to a person and helps him or her to become more educated in spite of not belonging to an educational institution. Therefore, one should definitely consider this option and, eventually, in the case of deciding to take a year off, he or she will find it beneficial. References Bridges, F. (2014). Should You Take A Gap Year?. Forbes.com. Retrieved 15 January 2017, from http://www.forbes.com/sites/francesbridges/2014/04/29/should-you-take-a-gap-year/#7c7afec77818 Schwartz, M. (2016). Why A Gap Year is Important Before College. Retrieved 15 January 2017, from https://www.teenlife.com/blogs/why-gap-year-important-college Strutner, S. (2013). 10 Reasons You Should Take A Gap Year. The Huffington Post. Retrieved 15 January 2017, from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2016/05/01/gap-year_n_4325969.html Take a break? The pros and cons of a gap year | University of Bath. (2017). Bath.ac.uk. Retrieved 15 January 2017, from http://www.bath.ac.uk/study/teachers-advisers-parents/parents/news/gap-years.html The Gap Year Experience: A Life-Changing Opportunity | The Princeton Review. (2017). Princetonreview.com. Retrieved 15 January 2017, from https://www.princetonreview.com/study-abroad/college-abroad/gap-year

The Romantic Period and Robert Burns Essay - 984 Words

The Romantic Period and Robert Burns At the end of the eighteenth century a new literature arose in England. It was called, Romanticism, and it opposed most of the ideas held earlier in the century. Romanticism had its roots in a changed attitude toward mankind.The forerunners of the Romanticists argued that men are naturally good; society makes them bad. If the social world could be changed, all men might be happier. Many reforms were suggested: better treatment of people in prisons and almshouses; fewer death penalties for minor crimes; and an increase in charitable institutions. Romanticism was a powerful reaction against Neoclassicism in liberation of the imagination and rediscovery of nature. English†¦show more content†¦The Romanticist was emotional and imaginative. He acted through inspiration and intuition, believed in democracy, humanity, and the possibility of achieving a better world. Some of the first great romanticists included, William Blake. He not only wrote books, but he also illustrated and printed them. Many of his conservative contemporaries thought he was insane because his ideas were so unusual. Among those insane ideas was his devotion to freedom and universal love. He was interested in children and animals. Another significant author of the Romantic period is Samuel Taylor Coleridge. No one had put more wonder and mystery into beautiful melodic verse than he did. His strange, haunting supernaturalism of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Christabel have universal and irresistible appeal. A friend of Coleridges for many years was William Wordsworth. Together they wrote a volume of verse, Lyrical Ballads, which sounded the new note in poetry. This book really signaled the beginning of English Romanticism. Coleridge found beauty in the unreal, Wordsworth found it in the realities of nature. From nature Wordsworth learned that life may be a continuous development toward goodness. 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Current Status and Future Directions †Free Samples to Samples

Question: Discuss about the Current Status and Future Directions Management. Answer: Incidence of Depression in Australia Depression is defined as a sudden affliction that is being experienced by almost everyone who is passing from certain complications in life. Depression is characterized by increase in the level of stress that leads to loss of close interpersonal relationships management along with alarming deceleration of the self-esteem. Depression is a common mental disorder and it manifests due to passivity, feelings of sudden failure, feeling of loss (family member or close friends) and a sense of helplessness in life or job and lack of mental support in the family or in the friend circle. The Oxford English Dictionary defines depression as a mental condition characterized by severe feelings of hopelessness and inadequacy, typically accompanied by a lack of energy and interest in life. Depression hampers the synchronization of the daily routine activities of a person like job, sleeping, eating or conversation with people (Irwig, 2012). Depression, a form of mood disorder, occurs in 6.2% of the Australian population (Bennett Shepherd, 2013). According to research, complex combination of genetic backup, psychological backup and surrounding environment factors play a major role in the generation of depression among the people (Khanam, Bukhari, 2015). In majority of the cases, people suffering from depression experiences severe anxiety, making the overall scenario complicated (Sowislo, Orth, 2013). Epidemiological evidence suggests that out of the one million of depressed adults in Australia, women experiencing depression are significantly greater in numbers than that of men (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2010) with varying prevalence rate. It can be a regarded as the significant cause behind the disability in the world (Bennett Shepherd, 2013).Depression cast an adverse effect on both mental and physical health of a person. It is also assumedthat it contributesto an increase in the risk of comorbid chronic health conditions and increase the susceptibility of the life style diseases such as cardiovascular disease and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. These diseases in turn further contribute to the complexity of the depression. Women are more vulnerable towards going down inside severe depression in the time of childbirth. Almost 16 per cent of the first time mothers are affected by postpartum depression (Loxton et al, 2010). The level of postnatal depression becomes more severe if the mother is young (18 to 27 years of age). Moreover, the depression coping capacities among the women is hit hard due to several disturbing family issues. The issues include stereotypic gender roles, family problems and caring responsibilities. The higher rates of depression has also been observed among the indigenous group of the Australian women and other with chronic or fatal disease. Australian women who are suffering from skin problems and poor body image also pass on to depression. Older women on the other hand, are at the lower risk of developing depression. Therefore, it is the high time to expand the knowledge of depression among the women and at the same time, enhance the responsiveness of the health service towards t he quality living of women (especially for the work group) who are at the risk of developing depression ((Bennett Shepherd, 2013). Incidence of Suicide in Australia Suicide is the outcome of the deliberate act undertaken with an intention to end ones life by own. According to the World Health Organization (2014), each year, 800,000 people loss their life from suicide. This private act of ending ones life has a profound negative impact of the lives of the family members who are directly associated with the person committing suicide. In spite of high degree of socio-economic costs inflicted upon the affected individuals, associated family and the concerned communities management, suicide still remains an unexplored, misunderstood and under-researched reason of death. One of major driving force that compels a person on committing suicide is depression. It has been estimated that 50% of individuals who commit sufferfrom depressive illness (Cummins et al, 2015). Apart from depression, other major factors that are found responsible behind the suicidal attempts are severe anxiety, irritability, persistent insomnia, uncontrollable aggression, self-guilt , incurable illness, concomitant alcohol addiction and other biological crisis like pregnancy, adolescence and climacterium. Apart from personal disorders, several environmental factors also promote suicidal thoughts like broken family, previous family history, occupational and financial difficulty and loss of religious afflictions. Australia records high occurrence of suicide. As per the statistical report published in the year of 2015, suicide rate of 12.6 per 100,000 in Australia (the data is highest in terms of comparison with the last 10 years data) (Statistics on Suicide in Australia, 2017). The estimated research suggests that at least 3027 deaths have occurred in Australia as a result of suicide this equates to more than 8 individual committing suicide per day in Australia. Unnatural death by means of suicide in males is at last three times greater than the females. However, in 2016-2017, the rate of suicides among the female residents of Australia is significantly higher than that of the males. Moreover, 30 people attempt to commit suicide each day (Statistics on Suicide in Australia, 2017) but remain unsuccessful. Pregnancy is a special risk factor for suicide among the females and if the mother is young then the probability of attempting suicide increases. Women however, during the first year of childbirth and during the last trimester of pregnancy are at a low risk of committing suicide despite of their high psychiatric morbidity rate. The motherhood seems to shield a mother from committing suicide. Suicide because of depression is also common among the college students in Australia. The main stressor of generating suicidal thoughts among the college students are high academic demands, financial pressures due to educational loan and disturbed family background like separation between parents, single parent or premature death of parents. A survey with undergraduate students demonstrated 44.3% students experience emotional complexities. This emotional complexity generates depression that directly affects their academic performance (Clifford, Doran Tsey, 2013). National College Health Assessment Survey (2005) also reported similar results. According to the report, the students are undergoing such a extreme depression that it became extremely problematic for them to study diligently during the semesters and they opted to end their life via committing suicide (Delfabbro et al., 2013). One of the most important factors that have contributed to Elizabeths mental condition and health risk is postpartum depression (PPD). PPD affects 10 to 20% of the mother following the child birth. Some of the risk factors that make a mother more susceptible towards the PPD are lack of social support or social life, negative life events and a family history of depression (O'hara McCabe, 2013). Elizabeth has a family history of depression. Her mother experienced anxiety and depression during her first pregnancy, which required anti-depressant medication and mental health in-patient care after suicidal behaviours. Prior to pregnancy, Elizabeth and her husband Craig used to have a trending social life. They used to visit pubs with their friends during every weekend. They even used to travel internationally for two holidays. However, after Elizabeth got pregnant and her husband Craig got a new truck driving job, their weekly routine of social hangover got hampered. This lack of social qu otient in life is further decelerated as Elizabeth is on maternity since one month before delivery. She is finding this isolation from the work and colleagues extremely difficult. Moreover, the rental company contacted Elizabeth several days ago stating that the house owners of their rented apartment may terminate their rental agreement in two months as they want to live there themselves. This advanced notice of sudden loss of home casted negative impact on the young mother, Elizabeth. The second most important factors that have contributed to Elizabeths mental condition and health risk are the occurrence of high blood pressure. High blood pressure level is linked with faster decline in the specific cognitive domains. Significant high blood pressure rate leads to faster deterioration of the neuropsychological condition leading to depression. Moreover, high blood pressure is directly proportional with hypertension and the latter is again dependent on the current family equilibrium. Elizabeth is only 21 years old, too young to be a mother. Moreover, her husband is also young (22 years old) and they had a courtship only 18 months before they decided to live-in and now they are parents of 2 weeks old baby. Now, such a young age means lack of real time experience and thus generation the root of hypertension. Elizabeth is sad because her baby was suffering from breathing problems since birth, she has been threatened by the tenant to leave their rented apartment and there is no mental support from her husband as he is mostly busy with his new job. All these ignite the embryo of hypertension, leading to depression (Goldstein, LeveySteenland, 2013). Ethical principle of beneficence addresses the concept that the action of nurses should promote something good, something that is best for the patient care. Ethical principle for non-maleficence states that nurses must not harm patient. In both the cases, nurses must ensure that they must act strictly for the mental and physical benefit for Elizabeth. The urgent mental risk of Elizabeth is she can commit suicide out of sheer depression as Elizabeth informed the once she walked to the chemist shop for buying baby formulae milk she bought two packets of pain killers with the intension to overdose. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) CBT is based on patients thought, the mind set he or she is nurturing at that very phase of life along with other physical sensation like hallucination, headache, tremor, increased in heart beat, anxiety and palpitation. The concept of CBT is based on the fact that there lies a strong interconnection between the emotional thoughts both in subconscious and in conscious mind. These complex interconnection at times leads to the generation of negative thoughts, trapping patients in a vicious cycle (Jones et al., 2012). CBT first breaks the principal mental illness into small sub parts. While doing so, it becomes easier of the nurses or the psychologist to council the patients. In case of Elizabeth CBT will start via breaking her postpartum depression into several small fragments, like lack of social life, long leave from job, lack of quality time with the partner, threat in social security and previous family history of depression. However, CBT gives importance to the current problems an d does not give preference in focusing on the past issues. This practical approach generates less stress over the patient as they are not forced to recollect their past horrifying memory and hence, helping them to cure easily (Hofmann et al., 2012). Mini mental state examination tool is a questionnaire that consists of 30 questions, which helps to measure the cognitive stage of the patients. This is mainly used to assess the condition of the patients, who are suffering from mental health illness. The patient, Elizabeth is suffering from PPN. She needs the appropriate care with the medical treatment. The assessment tool can help to assess the severity as well as the progression of the cognitive impairment. Before taking any approach to the treatment, the condition of the patient needs to be assessed. The assessed information needs to be documented. This documented information can help in the treatment to check the difference of the cognitive stage of the patient (Arevalo-Rodriguez et al., 2015). A mental health problem from which Elizabeth is supposedly suffering from is PPD. PPD or postnatal depression is a type of mood disorder which occurs after child birth and are mostly prevalent in women. Promotion of breast feeding as breastfeeding is found to reduce the suicidal thoughts and depression (Figueiredo, Canrio Field, 2014). Nursing triggers the release of the oxytocin hormone, which promotes nurturing and mental relaxation. Oxytocin helps the inflated uterus to contract after delivery and reduce the rate of internal postpartum bleeding. Moreover, high concentration of oxytocin in blood lowers the blood pressure and thus reducing stress. Apart of stress relieving benefits, breastfeeding also helps the newborn child to develop a connection with his or her mother via skin-to-skin contact happening during breast feeding (Ahn Corwin, 2015). Psychodynamic therapy It is also known as insight-orientedorpsychoanalytictherapy (Driessen et al., 2013). This therapy examines the complexities of interpersonal relationships. In case of Elizabeth it will analyze her relationship with her mother, husband and her child. Via the wavelength and the magnitude of the inter-personal relationship the therapy will eventually study the factors that have lead to the change her thoughts or behavior. In one word, it can be described as traditional talk therapy. In this therapy, the nurse will try to understand Elizabeths difficulties in the context of who she is as an individual. The therapy will look inside the family background, history of upbringing and current scenario into consideration. References Ahn, S., Corwin, E. J. 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